在建設統一(yi)堅強(qiang)智能(neng)電網(wang)的(de)(de)大背景(jing)下，作為(wei)輸配(pei)電設備核心部件之一(yi)的(de)(de)真空斷路器，如何(he)滿足智能(neng)電網(wang)信息化、數(shu)字化、自(zi)動化、互動化的(de)(de)要(yao)求，已成為(wei)各研究機(ji)構(gou)和制造廠(chang)商共同(tong)關注的(de)(de)熱點問題。
從用戶(hu)未來需求的(de)(de)(de)角度來看，智能(neng)(neng)(neng)化真(zhen)空斷(duan)路器(qi)除具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)真(zhen)空斷(duan)路器(qi)通用功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)外(wai)，還應(ying)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)感知功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、思維判(pan)斷(duan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)和執行(xing)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。即不僅要(yao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)靈敏、準(zhun)確的(de)(de)(de)獲取(qu)大量周圍(wei)信息的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，對獲取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)信息進行(xing)分析、處理、發出執行(xing)操作(zuo)指令并(bing)監控的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，還要(yao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)備(bei)對分析、處理的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)果實施(shi)有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)饋和必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。
針對上述需(xu)求(qiu)，智能(neng)化真空(kong)斷路(lu)器面(mian)臨三(san)個技(ji)術問題(ti)需(xu)要突破。
個技術問題是(shi)實現感(gan)知功能(neng)(neng)。這(zhe)是(shi)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化的(de)基礎，該功能(neng)(neng)的(de)實現必須依托現代傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)技術來獲取(qu)如電壓(ya)、電流(liu)、絕(jue)緣(yuan)（局放）、距(ju)離、速度、溫(wen)度等信(xin)息，傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)將這(zhe)些信(xin)息轉換成能(neng)(neng)被識別和處理的(de)各種信(xin)號，這(zhe)些信(xin)號能(neng)(neng)準確、可靠、靈敏的(de)反映信(xin)息的(de)變化，傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)除自身必須具有高質量、高可靠性外，還應(ying)有適應(ying)斷路(lu)器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作環境、體積小、便于安裝的(de)特點。
第二(er)個技(ji)術問題是(shi)實(shi)現(xian)思維判斷(duan)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。這是(shi)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化的(de)(de)(de)核心，該功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)必(bi)須依(yi)靠現(xian)代電子技(ji)術、計算機技(ji)術和通信(xin)技(ji)術。智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)輸入既有(you)來自(zi)感知功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)獲取的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息，又有(you)來自(zi)執行(xing)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)反饋的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息，還有(you)來自(zi)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)信(xin)息；智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)綜合這些信(xin)息后，可自(zi)動(dong)(dong)識別斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)狀態、自(zi)動(dong)(dong)調整斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)信(xin)息、自(zi)動(dong)(dong)記錄(lu)關(guan)鍵信(xin)息、自(zi)動(dong)(dong)對斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)元(yuan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件(jian)和操作(zuo)進行(xing)診(zhen)斷(duan)等智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)思維判斷(duan)；智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)輸出一方面為執行(xing)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)提供操作(zuo)指(zhi)令，另一方面為系(xi)統提供斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)狀態信(xin)息。智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)除具(ju)(ju)有(you)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)思維判斷(duan)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)外(wai)，還必(bi)須具(ju)(ju)有(you)高可靠、長壽命、強抗電磁干擾功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。
第三個技術問題是(shi)實(shi)現執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)按控(kong)制器發(fa)出的(de)操作指(zhi)令進(jin)行(xing)(xing)可(ke)靠的(de)操作，完成斷(duan)(duan)路器的(de)關合與開(kai)斷(duan)(duan)；同時，執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)具有高可(ke)靠、長(chang)壽(shou)命、體積(ji)小的(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。目前已(yi)開(kai)發(fa)和應用的(de)永磁操作機(ji)構已(yi)基(ji)本能(neng)(neng)(neng)滿足智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)化斷(duan)(duan)路器對(dui)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)要求。